Localisation policies and incentives for manufacturers must be restored and expanded to shield the South African economy from further de-industrialisation, with the closure of steel producer ArcelorMittal South Africa’s Vereeniging and Newcastle plants threatening localisation, jobs and the broader industrial economy, says industry organisation the Mining Equipment Manufacturers of South Africa (Memsa) interim CEO Juliana Makapan. Steel is a critical input for the manufacturing industry and its local availability directly affects sectors like mining equipment manufacturing, construction and automotive production. Competing with cheap imports, which are often subsidised by foreign governments, undermines the viability of local industries.