African governments are unable to finance the $2.8-trillion needed for climate responses beyond the 10% of costs, or $250-billion, they have already committed as of 2022, owing to existing high levels of public debt. However, public finance management transformation can help to correct these countries’ fiscal trajectories, free up domestic capital for the climate agenda and create transparency and confidence around the management of fiscal funds that international funders will look for, management advisory and services company PwC Africa states in its ‘Implementing Green Public Finance Management in Debt Distressed Countries’ report.